What are the three primary layers of hair?

The three primary layers of hair are the cuticle, cortex, and medulla.

The cuticle is the outermost layer of hair, consisting of overlapping cells that provide protection to the inner layers and contribute to the overall shine and smoothness of the hair. This layer acts as a barrier against environmental damage and helps keep moisture within the hair.

The cortex is the middle layer, making up the majority of the hair’s structure. It contains long, coiled proteins and is responsible for the hair's strength, elasticity, and color. The pigmentation that gives hair its color is also found in the cortex.

The medulla is the innermost layer, which is often absent in finer hair types. When present, the medulla may serve a supportive role in the hair strand's structure but is not crucial for the overall integrity of the hair.

Understanding these layers is essential in cosmetology, particularly in hair care and chemical treatments, as each layer plays a significant role in the health and appearance of hair.