What is the primary function of the stratum corneum?

The stratum corneum is the outermost layer of the skin and serves as a crucial protective barrier. Its primary function is to provide a barrier against environmental damage, such as pathogens, chemicals, and physical abrasions. The cells in this layer are flattened and filled with keratin, making them tough and impermeable. This structural composition helps to prevent moisture loss from the underlying layers, maintaining hydration and overall skin integrity.

While absorbing nutrients and removing dead skin cells are important functions in skin health and maintenance, they do not represent the main role of the stratum corneum. The production of melanin occurs in a different layer of the skin, known as the stratum basale, where melanocytes are found. Thus, the importance of the stratum corneum lies primarily in its role as a protective barrier, ensuring the underlying tissues stay safe from external elements.