Which condition is characterized by inflammation of the nail matrix?

The condition characterized by inflammation of the nail matrix is onychia. This inflammation can lead to swelling, redness, and potential pain around the nail area. The nail matrix is crucial because it is where nail growth occurs; therefore, any inflammation in this area can directly affect the health and appearance of the entire nail.

Onychomycosis refers to a fungal infection of the nail, which does not primarily involve inflammation of the nail matrix. Onycholysis involves the separation of the nail from the nail bed rather than inflammation. Paronychia is an infection of the tissue surrounding the nail, leading to pain and redness but does not specifically target the nail matrix itself. Understanding these distinctions helps in recognizing the specific pathologies associated with nail health.